SYSTEM LAYOUT AND COMPONENTS A complete drip irrigation system consists of a head control unit, main and submain pipelines, hydrants, manifolds and lateral lines with dripper emitters. Control station (head control unit) Its features and equipment depend on the system's requirements. 10. Pipes and Risers. To carry water from the main water source to the control valves and then from the valves to the sprinkler heads, a system of horizontal PVC piping is used. Whereas, risers refer to the vertical pipes that extended upward from the horizontal pipes in the areas where sprinkler heads exist. flood irrigation. But how exactly does a center pivot work? As the name suggests, center pivots irrigate in a circular pattern around a central pivot point. Pivots are capable of applying water, fertilizer, chemicals, and herbicides. This versatility can improve the efficiency of irrigation practices Irrigation system, depending upon the soil type, water is provided to p lant. In agriculture, two things are very important, first to get information of about th e fertility of soil and second to measure humidity content in air. Nowadays, for irriga tion, different techniques are available which are used to reduce the dependen cy of rain. •Micro-irrigation is a method for delivering slow, frequent applications of water to the soil using a low-pressure distributing system and special flow-control outlets. •Micro-irrigation is also referred to as drip, subsurface, bubbler or trickle irrigation and all have similar design and management criteria. classification of irrigation systems items technical semi-technical simple primary intakes permanent structure permanent and semi-permanent structure temporary structure water measuring and regulating devices good fair poor canal system completely independent irrigation and drainage systems not completely independent irrigation and drainage … An injection system also provides the ability to maintain inline drip tubing by controlling mineral or biological buildup by periodically injecting mild acid or trace amounts of chlorine. Where water supply or irrigation scheduling is problem-atic, subsurface irrigation may be used to extend the watering window. Irrigation can be scheduled anytime, Drip irrigation - also known as low-flow, micro, and trickle irrigation - is the slow, measured application of water through devices called emitters. compensate for pressure losses through system components and field elevation effects. Drip irrigation system. Drip irrigation system, also known as 'trickle . irrigation system', is a method of applying the required . n. oteS. Chapter -1.indd 3 31-May-2019 02:53:54 PM Most irrigation systems include pumps as an integral part of the drip irrigation system. *Gravitational pressure(also known as hydrostatic pressure) is the pressure at a point in a fluid at rest due to the weight of the fluid above it. The components of portable sprinkler system are shown through fig .3. A sprinkler system usually consists of the following components (i) A pump unit (ii) Tubings- main/submains and laterals (iii) Couplers (iv) Sprinker head (v) Other accessories such as valves, bends, plugs and risers. Fig .3 Component of a portable sprinkler irrigation system The components of portable sprinkler system are shown through fig .3. A sprinkler system usually consists of the following components (i) A pump unit (ii) Tubings- main/submains and latera